unsafeWindow

This command can open certain security holes in your user script, and it is recommended to use this command sparingly.

Please be sure to read the entire article and understand it before using it in a script.

Description

This API object allows a User script to access "custom" properties--variable and functions defined in the page--set by the web page. The unsafeWindow object is shorthand for window.wrappedJSObject. It is the raw window object inside the XPCNativeWrapper provided by the Greasemonkey sandbox.

• USE OF UNSAFEWINDOW IS INSECURE, AND IT SHOULD BE AVOIDED WHENEVER POSSIBLE.

unsafeWindow bypasses Greasemonkey's XPCNativeWrapper-based security model, which exists to make sure that malicious web pages cannot alter objects in such a way as to make greasemonkey scripts (which execute with more privileges than ordinary JavaScript running in a web page) do things that their authors or users did not intend. User scripts should therefore avoid calling or in any other way depending on any properties on unsafeWindow - especally if if they are executed for arbitrary web pages, such as those with @include *, where the page authors may have subverted the environment in this way.

User script authors are strongly encouraged to learn how XPCNativeWrappers work, and how to perform the desired function within their security context, instead of using unsafeWindow to break out.

Syntax

unsafeWindow

Value: Object

Returns: Variant

Compatibility: Greasemonkey 0.5b+

Examples

unsafeWindow.SomeVarInPage = "Testing";

}}

unsafeWindow.SomeFunctionInPage("Test");

}}

var oldFunction = unsafeWindow.SomeFunctionInPage;
unsafeWindow.SomeFunctionInPage = function(text) {
  alert('Hijacked! Argument was ' + text + '.');
  return oldFunction(text);
};

}}

Alternatives to unsafeWindow

Events

Event listeners never need to be created on unsafeWindow. Rather than using

unsafeWindow.onclick = function(event) { /* some code */ };

}}

use:

window.addEventListener("click", function(event) { /* some code */ }, false);

}}

See also addEventListener at MDC.

Functions defined in the page

If a user script must execute a page function, it can use the location hack to call it safely. This involves setting location.href to a javascript: URL, which is like using a bookmarklet. For example:

Larger blocks of code independent of the Greasemonkey context/APIs can also be executed this way:

Template:Samp or a more specific example:

This code will run in the page context without leaking the sandbox. This code is completely separate from the rest of the script scope, sometimes limiting its usefulness. For example, data cannot be returned by the function.

Another drawback is that this technique is rather ugly. Still, it is preferred over unsafeWindow.

Attach script to page

Attach Method 1

function myScript() {
  for (var x in document) {
    /* some code with x */
  }
  /* some code */
}

/*
  Attaches script into page body and executes it via an anonymous function call.
    NOTES:
      Script can therefore reference variables on the page, but likewise cannot use Greasemonkey API methods
*/

var script = document.createElement("script");
script.type = "application/javascript";
script.textContent = "(" + myScript + ")();";

document.body.appendChild(script);

}}

Attach Method 2

window.addEventListener(
  "DOMTitleChanged",
  function() {
    var redirectURL = window.name;
  },
  false
);

var sGetter = document.createElement("script");
sGetter.type = "application/javascript";
sGetter.textContent = 
    "function uXHR(url) {"
  + "  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();"
  + "  xhr.onreadystatechange = function() { "
  + "    if (xhr.status == 301 || xhr.status == 302) {"
  + "      window.name = xhr.getResponseHeader('Location');"
  + "      document.title = document.title;"
  + "    }"
  + "  };"
  + "  xhr.open('HEAD', url, true);"
  + "  xhr.send(null);"
  + "}";

document.body.appendChild(sGetter);

unsafeWindow.uXHR(url);

}}

Attach Method 3

Place this code at the very beginning of the script to inject the entire script into the page using the location hack. Like Attach Method 1, this will give the script access to variables on the page, but not access to Greasemonkey API methods. Template:Samp Be very careful when using the wrappedJSObject property. It is just as dangerous as unsafeWindow is.

Notes

BUG: In Firefox 3.0 the prototype field will always be undefined for objects accessed through unsafeWindow. Attach method 1 can be used as a workaround for this problem.