Metadata Block
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Description
The metadata block is a section of a user script that does not execute any code, but describes the script. It contains the script name, namespace, description, and include and exclude rules.
The metadata block appears in JavaScript comments and may appear anywhere in the top level Greasemonkey code scope of the script, but is usually near the top of the file. It begins with the line
// ==UserScript==
and ends with
// ==/UserScript==
Everything between those lines is in the format
// @key value
If the metadata block includes a key that Greasemonkey does not understand, it will simply be ignored. Key names are typically constructed from alphanumeric characters. User script hosting sites may utilize a XML styled name prefix to identify the origin of the key. An example of this is prefix:key.
Other Keys | Examples | Caveats | See Also | Notes
Syntax
// ==UserScript==
// == @key value
// ==/UserScript==
- Value: Object
- Compatibility: Greasemonkey 0.2.5+
Keys Properties @name@include@resource@unwrap@namespace@exclude@require@description
- All properties are optional
Properties
@name
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @name My Script- The name of the script. This appears in the script manager and monkey menu, and is also used to determine whether to overwrite an old version of a script or to install it separately. If no name is provided, it will be inferred from the file name.
- If the file name or the @name key exceeds 24 characters the file name will be truncated during installation not including spaces and other special characters. As of Greasemonkey 0.8.0, new scripts will be stored under their own folder name in the gm_scripts folder and also include spaces to underscores conversion and other special characters. The scripts directory is also backed up into a folder called gm_scripts_08bak when migrating to version 0.8.0.
@namespace
- Value: URI
- Usage:
// @namespace http://www.example.com/gmscripts/- The namespace, along with the name, is used to determine whether to overwrite an old version of a script or to install it separately. A script author will usually put all of their scripts under one common namespace, and then assign each script a unique name. If two scripts have the same name, but a different namespace, they can co-exist. However, two scripts of the same name in the same namespace are assumed to be replacements for one another.
- While the namespace is non-semantic, it should be your prefered internet homepage URI according to the W3C standards specification. If no namespace is provided, it is assumed to be the domain from which the script is installed. Since a script can live on various servers or on a local file system, authors may choose to omit this key when publishing on userscripts.org and let Greasemonkey supply one automatically. If you are creating one locally, authors may choose the URI specification standard of
http://localhostfor the URI value as being an anonymous local script, but runs the risk of another script with the same name and namespace overwriting it. - The NoScript add-on currently utilizes namespace filtering, and will properly sanitize user scripts that are not listed in the XSS white-list section of the options dialog.
@description
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @description This script even does the laundry!- Just a brief summary of what the script does, to present to the user who is installing it.
@include
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @include http://www.example.com/*- Refer to Include and exclude rules. There can be any number of @include rules in a script.
- You cannot edit a live scripts @include and have it take effect.
@exclude
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @exclude http://www.example.com/foo/*- Refer to Include and exclude rules. There can be any number of @exclude rules in a script.
- You cannot edit a live scripts @exclude and have it take effect.
@resource
- Value: String
- Compatibility: Greasemonkey 0.8.0+
- Usage:
// @resource resourceName http://www.example.com/resource.png- While the resourceName is non-semantic, it is suggested that it should be compatible with JavaScript variable naming conventions and XML/CSS naming conventions to help keep things consistent.
- Each resourceName must have a unique name.
- This metadata block key property may be used to include local and remote resources into the current script at first install but not successive installs. A user is required to uninstall the current user script before installing a newer version if new resource keys or require keys are present.
- Resources may include the scheme of file, http, https or ftp. If no scheme is provided, it is assumed to be the domain from which the script is installed including the full path. They may be accessed through GM_getResourceText and GM_getResourceURL respectively.
@require
- Value: String
- Compatibility: Greasemonkey 0.8.0+
- Usage:
// @require foo.js- This metadata block key property may be used to include local or remote scripts into the current script at first install, but not successive installs.
- Once a script is installed, changing the @require or @resource values will have no effect. The script must be uninstalled and reinstalled.
- Similarly, if a user is updating their script and it contains new values, they must uninstall the current user script before installing a newer version.
- Script sources may include the scheme of file, http, https or ftp. If no scheme is provided, it is assumed to be the domain from which the script is installed including the full path.
- Some common JavaScript libraries may be obtained from the Google AJAX Libraries API or YUI).
@unwrap
- Value: undefined
- Compatibility: Greasemonkey 0.8.1+
- Usage:
// @unwrap- Also referenced as a metadata imperative. This metadata block key property must not include any value after it or it may be ignored altogether.
- Removes the anonymous function wrapper around scripts.
- This key is strongly recommended to only be used for debugging purposes.
- By default most versions of Greasemonkey automatically encapsulate each script in an anonymous function wrapper. In other words:
(function(){ /* script source */ })();
- Encapsulation of the script prevents name collisions of variables and objects used by XPCNativeWrapper and other objects typically inserted by the browser. If an unwrapped user script uses a reserved object name incorrectly, it will throw an error and script execution will most likely fail. One of the simplest ways to confirm this is to include @unwrap and have a script with a simple variable declaration of
var sidebar = "foo";. This will return a script error of Illegal value, and script execution will cease. See also #108.
Other Keys
Some user scripts contain other special keys in the metadata block.
These unsupported metadata keys serve no technical purpose and are ignored by the Greasemonkey extension, but can be read by human beings or utilized by other code.
Keys Properties userscripts.org user contributed @copyright@uso:script@author@license@uso:version@contributor@version@homepage
- This is by no means an exhaustive list, nor is it meant to be.
@copyright
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @copyright Year, Author (Author Homepage)- Example:
// @copyright 2009+, John Doe (http://www.example.com/projecthomepage)
@license
@licence
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @license License Type; License Homepage- There can be any number of @license keys in a script for multiple licensing however userscripts.org will only display the first occurrence as the primary.
- Example:
// @license GPL version 3 or any later version; http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html// @license (CC) Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
@version
- Value: String or Number
- Usage:
// @version 0.0.1- Typically this is in the industry standard form of major dot minor dot build
- This key can also be used in some scripts that are self-updating. Usually, this will include a time stamp indicating the number of milliseconds that have expired since 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UCT, which can be generated by calling
new Date().getTime().
@uso:script
- Value: String or Number
- Usage:
// @uso:script scriptid- userscripts.org will dynamically create an ascending numerical value based on the next available script id in the repository.
- NOTE: It is not necessary to define this key in your script as their meta.js routine will automatically return this key/value for you via a http/https request to http://userscripts.org/scripts/source/scriptid.meta.js
@uso:version
- Value: String or Number
- Usage:
// @uso:version versionid- userscripts.org will dynamically create an ascending numerical value based on the next available version id in the repository.
- NOTE: It is not necessary to define this key in your script as their meta.js routine will automatically return this key/value for you via a http/https request to http://userscripts.org/scripts/source/scriptid.meta.js
@author
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @author John Doe- (Suggest not using this key in favor of @copyright)
@contributor
- Value: String
- Usage:
// @contributor Contributor Name (Contributor Homepage)- There can be any number of @contributor keys in a script for multiple contributor support.
- Example:
// @contributor Jane Doe (http://www.example.com/janedoe)// @contributor Jack Doe (http://www.example.com/jackdoe)// @contributor Jill Doe (http://www.example.com/jilldoe)
@homepage
- Value: URI
- Usage:
// @homepage http://www.example.com/myhomepage- (Suggest not using this key in favor of @copyright)
Examples
Standard | Knowing Your Own Metadata | jQuery require
Standard
// ==UserScript==
// @name My Script
// @namespace http://www.example.com/gmscripts
// @description Scripting is fun
// @include http://www.example.com/*
// @include http://www.example.org/*
// @exclude http://www.example.org/foo
// @require foo.js
// @resource resourceName1 resource1.png
// @resource resourceName2 http://www.example.com/resource2.png
// ==/UserScript==
Knowing Your Own Metadata
Routine utilizing E4X (ECMAScript for XML) XMLList to retrieve a copy of the initial file metadata block entries and https metadata block entries.
- If a user changes the include/exclude rules via Manage User Scripts, they will not be reflected in this copy.
- Remember to change the @uso:script key to match the scriptid hosted on userscripts.org
function parseHeaders(metadataBlock) {
var headers = {};
var line, name, prefix, header, key, value;
var lines = metadataBlock.split(/\n/).filter(/\/\/ @/);
for each (line in lines) {
[, name, value] = line.match(/\/\/ @(\S+)\s*(.*)/);
switch (name) {
case "licence":
name = "license";
break;
}
[key, prefix] = name.split(/:/).reverse();
if (prefix) {
if (!headers[prefix])
headers[prefix] = new Object;
header = headers[prefix];
} else
header = headers;
if (header[key] && !(header[key] instanceof Array))
header[key] = new Array(header[key]);
if (header[key] instanceof Array)
header[key].push(value);
else
header[key] = value;
}
headers["licence"] = headers["license"];
return headers;
}
var fileMETA = parseHeaders(<><![CDATA[
// ==UserScript==
// @name My Script
// @namespace http://www.example.com/gmscripts
// @description Scripting is fun
// @copyright 2009+, John Doe (http://www.example.com/~jdoe)
// @license GPL version 3 or any later version; http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
// @version 0.0.1
// @include http://www.example.com/*
// @include http://www.example.org/*
// @exclude http://www.example.org/foo
// @require foo.js
// @resource resourceName1 resource1.png
// @resource resourceName2 http://www.example.com/resource2.png
// @uso:script scriptid
// ==/UserScript==
]]></>.toString());
GM_xmlhttpRequest({
method:"GET",
url:"https://userscripts.org/scripts/source/" + fileMETA["uso"]["script"] + ".meta.js",
headers:{
"Accept":"text/javascript; charset=UTF-8"
},
overrideMimeType:"application/javascript; charset=UTF-8",
onload:function(response) {
var httpsMETA = parseHeaders(response.responseText);
GM_log([
"\n---------- Local ----------",
fileMETA["name"] + " version " + fileMETA["version"],
fileMETA["copyright"],
fileMETA["license"],
fileMETA["description"],
fileMETA["include"],
fileMETA["exclude"],
"\n---------- Remote ----------",
httpsMETA["name"] + " version " + httpsMETA["version"],
httpsMETA["copyright"],
httpsMETA["license"],
httpsMETA["description"],
httpsMETA["include"],
httpsMETA["exclude"],
httpsMETA["uso"]["script"],
httpsMETA["uso"]["version"]
].join("\n"));
}
});
jQuery require
// ==UserScript==
// @name Hello jQuery
// @namespace http://www.example.com/examples
// @description jQuery test script
// @include *
// @require http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js
// ==/UserScript==
$(document).ready(function() {
$("a").click(function() {
alert('Hello world!');
});
});
Caveats
Changing the metadata of an installed script does not do anything, as this data is only accessed during installation. The script must be re-installed for these changes to take. Alternatively, config.xml can be modified manually.
